Designing the Gene Quiz

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Question 1 of 20

1. Question
What is the term used to describe the segment of DNA that will be designed, copied and then introduced into the genetically engineered plant?
- trapped gene
- transgene
- mutant gene
- recombinant protein
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Want to revisit the video that has this information? Watch the video from in the lab called “Transgene Design”!
Question 2 of 20

2. Question
A geneticist designs a transgene with a coding region that fights SDS, but selects a promoter that causes the gene to be expressed ONLY in the seed. What will be the outcome?
- This will not be a good result since the soil fungi that causes SDS attacks at the roots, then effects the stems and leaves...but not the seed.
- This will not be a good result in the first generation, but will be a good result in later generations since the seeds are the next generation.
- This will not be a good result because this will cause the transgene to make seed proteins that the SDS pathogen will attack.
- This is a perfect result since seeds are the starting point of the plant.
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Want to revisit the video that has this information? Watch “Gene Regions” and “Transgene Design” from in the lab in step 1!
Question 3 of 20

3. Question
Where did Madan, the transgene designer, find the gene that will defend soybean plants from the SDS pathogen?
- His team spent many years observing soybean plants in farmers' fields in Iowa until they found one that had the level of resistance they needed.
- He and his fellow molecular geneticists searched through all the wild relatives of soybeans until they found a distant relative that could resist SDS.
- A scientist in his group discovered that a model plant called Arabidopsis could resist the SDS pathogen. The gene could be transferred from Arabidopsis to soybean.
- They designed the gene from knowing the shape of the SDS protein that attacks the soybean gene.
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Want to revisit the video with this information? Watch the lab video called “Transgene Design”!
Question 4 of 20

4. Question
Which statement best describes the work environment that Madan and his scientist team work in?
- They are out in the field where the disease is most likely to hit the farmer's soybean plants.
- They work with the plant's DNA in test tubes in a lab.
- They grow individual soybean cells that have been genetically changed and study each cell under a microscope.
- All their work is done with computers and robots.
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch the lab video called “Transgene Design”!
Question 5 of 20

5. Question
When Madan completes his work, he will give a test tube containing many copies of the transgene he designed to…
- The farmer who can then add the gene to their seeds before spring planting.
- The field pathologist who will add the gene to the SDS pathogen in culture to see if the gene controls the pathogen.
- The transformation specialist who will insert the transgene into single soybean cells, which are grown into whole plants.
- The soybean breeder who will add the gene to the developing seed so it can integrate into the seed as it develops.
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch the lab video called “Transgene Design”!
Question 6 of 20

6. Question
What is the protein coding part of the gene?
- amino acid
- termination sequence
- coding region
- promoter
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch “Gene Regions”!
Question 7 of 20

7. Question
Choose the steps that Madan must use to create the transgene and place them in the correct order.

1. Make copies of the promoter from a soybean gene that expressed in the root.
2. Add the copies of the promoter and coding region together and add an enzyme that will link them together.
3. Make copies of the coding region from a soybean gene that is expressed in the root.
4. Make copies of the coding region from a gene in a model plant that gives resistance to SDS.
5. Make copies of the promoter from a gene in a model plant that gives resistance to SDS.
- 1 then 5 then 2
- 2 then 3 then 5
- 2 then 1 then 4
- 1 then 4 then 2
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch the video from in the lab called “Transgene Design”!
Question 8 of 20

8. Question
A plant is resistant to SDS but is not soybean. Can the gene from the plant be used in soybeans to provide resistance to SDS?
- Yes, the genetic code is universal, so gene transfer across species works.
- Yes, but the genetic code of the non-soybean plant must also be transferred to the genetically engineered soybean for this to work.
- No, it is not possible for genes to work across species because nature has designed species-specific genetic codes.
- No, genes are not stable enough to work once they are removed from a living cell.
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch the lab video called “Transgene Design”!
Question 9 of 20

9. Question
Let’s say Madan has found transgene that codes for a protein that successfully fights SDS, but the plant does not make enough of the protein. What transgene modification might help?
- use a different promoter
- use a completely different coding region
- use a bigger gene
- use a gene with a slightly different coding region
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch “Transgene Design”!
Question 10 of 20

10. Question
Madan’s team has discovered a transgene that is successful in defending against SDS. If they would like to change the amino acid sequence of the protien, then they should…
- use a different promoter
- use a different coding region
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Want to revisit the video that has this information? Watch “Gene Regions”!
Question 11 of 20

11. Question
Genes are made of…
- amino acids
- chromosomes
- nucleotides
- all of the above
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Want to watch the video that contains this information? Watch “What are genes?”!
Question 12 of 20

12. Question
Proteins are made of…
- amino acids
- chromosomes
- nucleotides
- all of the above
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch “The basics of DNA”!
Question 13 of 20

13. Question
The geneticist must have many copies of the gene regions they need to put together. How would they obtain many copies of the promoter and the coding region?
- They must extract many copies of each gene region from the original organism, then isolate and sort them into their correct tubes.
- They can use PCR to make copies of the desired gene regions from the original DNA of the organism.
- They need to grow each part inside of a single plant cell growing in artificial conditions.
- They have a machine in which they can type the DNA code and 'print' whatever DNA sequence they want using nucleotides.
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Want to revisit the video that has this information? Watch the video from in the lab called “Transgene Design”!
Question 14 of 20

14. Question
Why is the successful work of Madan and his team important for soybean breeders who have the job of creating SDS resistant soybean varieties?
- Right now there is not a way for breeders to improve resistance in soybean varieties.
- Breeders can make improvements by selecting plants with a single resistance gene more easily than many genes that all contribute to resistance.
- Madan's work will NOT have any impact on breeding the SDS resistance trait into new soybean varieties.
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Question 15 of 20

15. Question
Which correctly describes the order presented in the basics of DNA video?
- Amino acids make up proteins which make up living cells which make up tissue which make up organs
- Proteins make up amino acids which make up living cells which make up tissue which make up organs
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Question 16 of 20

16. Question
The ____________ of the protein will determine the function that protein will have inside the body.
- Length
- Shape and size
- Weight and location
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch “What is a gene?”!
Question 17 of 20

17. Question
RNA moves through the ribosome where it is
- Used as instructions to build DNA.
- Used as instructions to build a protein.
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch “The basics of DNA”!
Question 18 of 20

18. Question
The termination sequence
- A. Signals where the gene finishes copying.
- B. Determines what is actually copied and gives the trait.
- C. Prevents the cell from reading the next gene on the chromosome.
- Both A and C
- Both B and C
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Want to revisit the video that contains this information? Watch “Gene Regions”!
Question 19 of 20

19. Question
PCR was used, in the video of the lab, to:
- Makes copies of the root promoter from soybean and coding region from the Arabidopsis.
- Separate the root promoter from the Arabidopsis and coding region from soybean.
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Question 20 of 20

20. Question
If my breeding goal is to create a corn plant which will target European Corn Borer larvae at all stages of growth, which gene has the best coding region to meet my goal?
- Gene #1, cloned from that cauliflower mosaic virus. This gene is expressed in all plant tissues and encodes the '35S' ribosome that the virus needs to replicate in plant tissues.
- Gene #2, cloned from a bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria and encodes a protein the bacteria uses to kill some caterpillars such as European cornborer larvae.
- Gene #3, cloned from a corn plant. The gene encodes a protein the plant needs for photosynthesis and the gene is only expressed in green tissue that has active photosynthesis.
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Step 1: Designing the Gene

JoaG Part1: Designing the Gene

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